Advanced development
The engineering company Unitsky String Technologies Inc. is a scientific organization accredited by the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. At the same time, the company’s research activities are practically oriented and aim to improve uST Transport & Infrastructure Solutions, develop new business lines, as well as implement a number of related infrastructure technologies.
The company has multiple laboratory and research centers with all the necessary equipment and highly qualified stuff. The results of their work are practically tested in two high-tech R&D centers (in Belarus and the UAE), which occupy 60 hectares in total. The company has hundreds of patents, which are approved in dozens of countries.
Hypervelocity line
One of the promising business lines of Unitsky String Technologies Inc. is hypervelocity transport. uMah is a uST complex, where uPods can accelerate to 1,250 km/h or more. The hypervelocity uPod here travels along a special overpass in a forevacuum tunnel and can transport passengers and cargo up to ten thousand kilometers, including across seas, oceans and hostile terrain. The hypervelocity uMah is designed to comfortably carry passengers between far-away cities, regions, countries and continents in three variants of forevacuum tunnel location: on supports above the ground, under the ground and under water.
Anatoli Unitsky, the author of hypervelocity transport, started his work about 50 years ago, almost concurrently with the development of the General Planetary Vehicle (GPV) for non-rocket near space industrialization, in which the speed of the conveyor-type flywheel in the vacuum channel is even greater – 12 km/s (43200 km/h). uMah then branched off from the GPV into an independent line and more than 40 years ago Unitsky proposed to connect London and New York by a hypervelocity submarine route. The vacuum tunnel in it would have been made with zero buoyancy and located in the Atlantic Ocean at a depth of 50 meters. The travel time would be 6 hours, which would be faster than by plane. There were no personal computers or computer graphics back then, so the illustration for this project was done in watercolor on paper. Then the author focused on the development and commercialization of a more down-to-earth technology – uST, which, in fact, branched off from the GPV and uMah technologies, and which, thus, became the progenitors of string technology and Unitsky String Transport.
Specifications for the hypervelocity uPod (variant)
- Cruise speed – up to 1,250 km/h
- Traffic interval – from 30 s
- Performance of uMah complex – up to 50,000,000 passengers per year
- Capacity of the passenger module – up to 20 people
- Load capacity of the cargo module – from 10 tons
Drive
- Most of the available engine and propulsion options would be unsuitable for operation in the vacuum. Therefore, we determined that the best option for uMah will be a steel-wheeled propulsion system.
- The motor-wheel, designed by UST Inc., can provide stable and safe travel at speeds up to 1,250 km/h.
- For higher speeds it is necessary to abandon the wheel (because of excessive revolutions and centrifugal accelerations, which cause destruction of the wheel) and switch to the magnetic cushion.
Sustainability
- The complex is highly sustainable, as there are no emissions into the atmosphere due to complete isolation of the rolling stock from the external environment. The electrical power required for uMah to operate can be generated, among other things, by solar panels installed on or along the transport tunnel.
- Surplus power will be used to charge the onboard storage units of the transport modules and to operate the stations.
Track cost
- The estimated cost of uMah double-tracks is at the rate of 25 million dollars per 1 km of track, which is considerably lower than any of the known alternatives.
- The options of underground, above-ground and underwater construction of hypervelocity tracks have been elaborated, and the most cost-effective option appears to be the underwater forevacuum tunnel.
Linear city
Modern cities are facing a crisis, which manifests itself in transport collapses, environmental degradation, and lack of territories for further development. These problems can be solved by building linear cities.
Linear city (uCity) is a pedestrian cluster-type urban settlement in harmony with nature which creates conditions that best support the natural ecosystem. Transportation of passengers and delivery of goods within such a city is ensured by uST Transport & Infrastructure Complexes.
Like the high-speed line of uST, the project of uCity linear city can be attributed to R&D activities of UST Inc. only in part. Most of the solutions included in uCity complexes have been implemented and worked out in practice. In addition to the transport component, residential complexes, agricultural and biotechnological components, as well as elements of relic solar bioenergy, incorporated in the energy infrastructure of the linear city, have been designed and are being successfully operated.
The construction of uCity is based on the smart city logic, which means that the land belongs to pedestrians. Distinctive elements of uCity are multifunctional dominant buildings with integrated string transport stations. Such structures are to be found in every cluster. The buildings have technology to guarantee the full life cycle of the system and eliminate any environmental pollution. Several houses form a group located within a walking distance from the main functional areas of the settlement. The groups of buildings are combined into residential clusters with social services and energy supply complexes.
The residential area of the cluster is divided into blocks, demarcated by a forest-park strip 100-200 meters wide, where you will find public spaces for residents and guests: recreational and sports areas, public buildings and facilities, sports fields, stadium, health center, medical center, stores, cafes, workshops, kindergartens, and schools.
Residential buildings in the cluster are combined into a single architectural and functional system – a long apartment block which is a kind of “horizontal skyscraper”. The size of the linear house, including its length, can vary in a fairly wide range starting from 100 m up to 1 km. Each house is designed to accommodate a family of an average of five people. The houses will have three floors with a basement, a living room and an attic.
Each “horizontal skyscraper” in the cluster will be designed in terms of energy efficiency as an energy-plus building (in the European classification), when the house uses the engineering equipment such as solar panels, collectors, heat pumps, and recuperators to produce more energy than it consumes itself.
The cluster will be completely self-sufficient: organic food, clean water, green energy, safe transportation, other products and services. This will ensure the food, energy, and infrastructure security of the linear city even during pandemics, lockdowns, and other natural disasters.
The roofs of such houses will be made in the form of glazed greenhouses (or orangeries), interconnected by a central communication corridor, which is designed for laying utilities and agricultural maintenance of the greenhouse.
Advantages of the linear cities
- low capital and operating costs for residential, transport and infrastructure, and agroindustrial complexes
- zero carbon dioxide emissions
- better quality of life by preserving and restoring (creating) natural ecosystems in the territory of the cities under construction
- considerable savings in energy consumption, the use of renewable energy
- a significant difference in logistics and cheaper development projects
- adapting the city’s infrastructure to uniform quality standards
- solving the problems associated with conventional urbanization: no overpopulation in cities, smog, air pollution, traffic jams, and numerous accidents and separation of humans from wildlife
uCity linear cities will blend harmoniously into the environment of any natural and climatic zone on Earth. At the same time, urban development will not only avoid reducing the area of fertile land, but will even help to increase it. Thanks to uCity, deserts will disappear from the planet, and the Earth will be reborn as a blooming garden, where all future humanity – about 10 billion people – will be able to live safely and comfortably.